Engine



Aug. 11, 1942. J. YTJAARDA ENGINE Filed Deb. 4, 1940 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTOR Aug; 11, 1942; J. TJAAVRDEA irENGINE 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Dec. 4, 1940 INVENTOR i )7 J44IJ12- $441 ATTORNE 2 Patented Aug. 11, 1942 UNITED STATES PATE'N ENGINE J olm Tjaarda, Detroit,

Mich, .assignor. to Briggs Manufacturing, Company, Detroit, Mich, a cor- I poration of- Michigan Application December 4, 1940, Serial lflo. 368,490

19 Claims.

This invention relates to internal combustion engines and more particularly to rotary, valves and to an improved adjustable valve bearing cage.

In the operation of therotary cone type valve having a stem or stub journalled through bear-. ing races, located within the cylinder head ofan internal combustion engine, it has been the'usual custom to clampmachined preloaded bearings into place within a bearing nut or cage so that the outer'bearing races adhere to the inner surfaces of thebearing cageand the the valve. The degree of preloading of the bearings in most instances is calculated beforetheir insertion into the cage. It has been found, however, that within a relatively short period of time, due to constant frictional wear at high rotatingspeeds, the bearing ballshave a'tendency;

1 cone type valve mounted within the head portion of an internal combustion engine cylinder where-- in the valve bearings may be preloaded without' their-removal from the bearing cage. It is another object of the invention to provide an adjustable bearing cage for a rotarycone type valve mounted within the head portion of an in-.. ternal combustion engine cylinder? wherein the valve bearings may be preloaded without their removal from thebearing cage, said bearing cage being further adjustable to permit adjustment of said valve within the head portion of the cylinder. I

It is another'object of the invention toprovide a bearing cage of the foregoing character for a rotary cone type valve mounted within the head of an internal combustion chamber cylinder, said bearing cage designed to receive bearing assemblies comprising rotatable and non-rotatable elements, said elements being adjustable to, load the bearings within the bearing cage andto position saidjvalve in said head portion.

It is still another object of the invention to provide an adjustable bearing cage for a rotary conetype valve mounted within the head portion of an internal combustion engine cylinder. comprising two inter-threaded members, said members being adjustable one within the other-to load 55 communicate with inlet and outlet ports mount.

inner bearing races adhere by friction tothe rotatable stem of the bearings and to position the valve within said head portion. 7

Other objects of this .inventionwill appear in' the following description and appended claims, reference being hadto the accompanying draw ings'forming a part of this specification wherein like reference'cliaracters designate corresponding parts in the several views.

. Fig. -1' is a sectional view of an internal combustion engine cylinder embodying the present ,invention. 1

.Fig. 2 is a-sectional view tion of the arrows.

Fig. 3 is a sectional view taken substantially along lines 3-3 of Fig. 1 looking in the direction of the arrows. Y

along-the lines 4-4 of Fig. 1 looking in the direction of the arrows.

Before explaining in detail the present invention it is to be understood that the invention is not limited in its applicationto the details of.

construction and arrangement of parts illustrat or terminology employed herein is for the pur- Referring particularly to Fig. 1, there is shown for. the purpose of illustrating the invention a section of an intemalcombnstion engine cylindei. This cylinder generally designated as [0' comprises a barrel portion II and an alloy head portion 'I la suitably connected thereto. The barrel portion H is provided with a piston I2 40 operablyconnected to a crankshaft (not shown).

A charge of combustiblemixture is supplied to the cylinder through the medium of a riser R.

It will be noted that the supplyof fuel mixture is from the inner side of the cylinder outwardly toward the cylinder and; that the exhaust gases are permitted to escape through exhaust port ll located at the outer side of the cylinder. .In 1 the present instance the intake of the combus-' tible mixture into the cylinder, also the scaveng ing and exhaust of the products of combustion,

are controlled by a rotary cone valve mechanism' generally designated as V positioned in the outer extremity of the cylinder. The intake passage II of the cylinder and the exhaust n 7 taken substantially along lines 2-2 of-Fig. v1- looking in the direc- Fig. 4 is a sectional view taken substantially ed in. the accompanying drawings, since the invention is capable of otherembodiments and of being practiced or carried-out in various ways; Also it is'to' be understood thatthe phraseology pose of description and not of limitation, and it is not intendedto limit the invention claimed; herein beyond the requirements of the prior art.

passage ll 1 ed in the cylinder head. The rotary cone valve V shown in Fig. 1 has a cone portion l integrally attached to an outwardly projecting valve stem or'stub shaft IS. The shaft I6 is provided along its outer extending portion with a series of spaced vertical splines or grooves 26 which are adapted to mesh with keys or tongues 26a formed in the hub portion |9a of a ring gear IS. The ring gear I! shown in Figs. 1 and 2 is in mesh with gear 22 secured to a valve driving shaft 23. The valve actuating shaft 23 together with gear It operates in a longitudinally extending housing 24. The shaft 23 is preferably hollow to minimize weight and to permit the flow of oiltherethrough for lubricating purposes. The inner face of the rotary cone valve i5 is adapted to cooperate with the head |2a of the piston, the valve having an interior dome-like combustion chamber lid with which .the intake and exhaust passages l3 and I4 communicate at intervals during the rotation of the valve. The spark plug 3, as shown'in Fig. 4, for the cylinder also communicates with the combustion chamber its at predetermined intervals during the rotation of the valve for the purpose of flring -the.compressed mixture. Y

The valve stem It supports upon its outer extremity a threaded extension Ilia which is adapted to receive anut 20 which in turn engages a Bellvue spring washer 2|, the latter engaging the hub portion Isa of thegear l9 thereby holding the keys 26a of the gear hubsecurely. in mesh with the splines 26 of the valve stem.

The hub, |3a of gear is and the valve stem l8 rotate within separate ball bearing assemblies. An upper bearing assembly designated bythe letter K cooperates with the gear hub Na and a lower bearing assembly generally designated as L cooperates with the valve stem It: In the present embodiment of the invention the lower bearingsare of a larger construction to provide adequate means for retaining the valve stem in alinement. The upper bearing K comprises a rotatable inner bearing race "33, a plurality of bearing balls 34 and a, non-rotatable outer bearing race 32. The inner race 33 frictionally engages the outer surface |9b and the shoulder I30 of the gear hub I90. The outer race nests tightly against an inner bearing cage 21 and is supported therein by an inwardly extending flange 21a.

The lower bearing L comprises a rotatable inner bearing race 3|, a plurality of bearing balls 2! and a non-rotatable outer bearing race 30 and resides in a suitable cylinder head recess or opening 35. The inner race 3| .of the lower bearing frictionally engages the outer surface of the stem l6 and .is supported by an abutment lib formed at thejuncture of the stem and the valve cone I5. The outer race 30 tightly engages the inner wall of the cylinder head recess 35 and is secured in position by an inwardly extending flange 28a formed along the lower portion of an outer bearing cage 28. Pressure is exerted downwardly against the inner bearing races 3| and 33 thus prevented from separating or spreading but may move inwardly towards each other depending upon the amount of pressure exerted upon the washer 2|. The outer bearing races 33 and 32 are free to move apart but are held from moving inwardly together'by flange 23a of cage 23 and flange 21a of cage 21. A lock nut |l engages the bearing cage 23 looking the parts together once the desired adjustment of the bearings and the valve cone is attained.

The inner and outer surfaces of the outer bearing cage 23 are threaded to engage with cooperating threaded portions of the inner bearing cage 21, cylinder head Na and the lock nut It. The bearing cages or rings 21 and 23 terminate at their upper edges in outwardly extending annular flanges 21b and 23b respectively which are provided at their peripheral edges with square or hexagon wrench receivingportions 21c and 23c respectively. By applying a wrench to these portions the cages may be readily turned for ad- Justing the same. It is to be noted that a turning of the outer bearing cage 23 moves the ena tire assembly, including the bearings, the valve and thegear, up'or down depending upon the desired adjustment. I

1n the operation of the invention there are several ways in whichthe' bearings may be Dre- 'loaded and at the same time permit a proper of the non-rotatable outer bearing races 3| and 32, the bearing-race 32 being'drawn slightly upwardly by flange 21a of the bearing cage 21 and the bearing race 33 being held in place by nine 23a of the bearing cage 23. The action of para tially unscrewing the, bearing cage 21 from the.

cage 23' has a tendency to increase the pressure upon the Bellvue washer 2| which in turn clamps the inner rotatable bearing races 3| and 33 closer' together. This action produces a loading or tightening'of the ball bearings 23' and 33 within the races by causing the outer bearing race 32 to be moved upwardly in parallel relation to inner bearing race 33' and by causing the inner bearing race3| to be moved upwardly in parallel.

' relation to inner bearing race 30. The desired degree of loading or tightening'of the bearings may be attained by a proper adjustment of the bearing cage 21. After the bearings have been loaded the clearance between the cone ii of the rotary valve and the inner surfaces of the cylinder head may be adjusted to the desired degree by screwing the bearing cage 23 up or down depending upon whether an increased or decreased flxed by a tightening of the lock nut 'll. Thus by means of the engagement of the nut 20 with the Bellvue spring'washer 2| which acts through the gear hub Ha against the upwardly extending, edge. of the inner bearing-race 33 which abuts againstthe'shoulder |3c of the gear hub.

Resistance to the downward movement of the inner bearing races is met by-the abutment lib located at the base of the stem I which engages thej downwardly extending edge of the inner bearing race 3|. The inner bearing races are adjustment of the valve cone clearance is needed. The bearings thus'ti'ghtened or loaded and 'the proper relationship between the valve coneand the cylinder wall attained, the position of'cage 23 is maintai'nedor itis apparent that thepresent invention pro vides 'a simple method by which the bearings may be preloaded. within their cages without removal therefrom and "at the same time permit an within the cylinder head.

Iclaim:

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and th e pu as g gging race to loa the bearings an 'posit on sa d valve in said head portion,

4. In an internal combustion engine, a cylinder having ahead portion, a plurality oi adjustable bearings, said bearings including rotatable and ic -rzk iclsnz nt rnaiicombzusaom, a cytiiiuerz smirmmwiintemaz eourbiistroir efimefha dgfs cylinder head and a rotary valve in sam ness, manna whieh a pprtioii dt sdid va e is i r comaiislwsir mhr rocstabre mam mithizi'elatilifi toatli filvef i i nsicooperatingiwitiv rem ss on -siesta ethesouiiexirieeiindpindeiitly bi sari-relative heta'ithecinneziraceiiamaiiiy bfitiie'fidiivei .s lmvlmnrimtrnaiz combustion engiri cylinderrhcsdzandsa rotaw vaive imsaiii he bbaninghiwithih swiacmrasperaqa er ssue vaiv Jiluruaiiedg doniririsin'giaiivinfier rotdtabie bifliig raceqflxed marsrelsaonss aiewslve, admirer ma as niiherdtatflblmbeasiugg aiaicei iidiringienieiit'iii abetyzeemzsaid fraces' kr'id nieaiis uiwn oaser memntmlwd mallmoiatlisavalviersaidrmems ginoliidifiga rgfi i embgilaing 3M outer ahwa m W aqig e m maxim/cinema smasher: ,eviizv non-rotatable elements adapted 'to permit parallel movement therebetween, a rotatable valve supported in said head portion having a stem journalled in said bearings, and means for independently adjusting said rotatable and nonrotatable elements in parallel relation toeach other to load the bearings, said means comprising a pair of interthreaded rings.

5. In an internal combustion engine, a cylinder having a head portion, a bearing assembly including a plurality of-bearings mounted in said head portion, a rotatable valve supported in said head portion having a stem journalledin said bearing assembly. and a plurality of concentrically nested adjustable bearing cages to load said bearings and head portion.

6. In an internal combustion engine, a cylinder havinga head portion, a plurality oi adjustable to position the said valve .in said a bearings, saidbearings including'rotatable and non-rotatable elements, a rotatable valve supported in said head portion having a stemjourmailed 'in said bearings, concentrically nested bearing oages'adapted to permit adjustmentoi said bearing elements to loadthe bearings and to position said valve in said head portion.

7. In an internal combustion engine, a cylinder having a head portion, a plurality of adjustable bearings-said bearings includingrotatable and non-rotatable elements, arotatable valve supported in said head portion having a stem journalled in said bearings, bearing cages adapted to permit adjustment of said bearing elements to load the bearings and to position said valve in 'journalled comprising cw e 11;; eats a a 5 cm tea. saaismamsaternarmmsmasn eaameaavmg p 35 y i j ust fi s g 25 calindsrcheaasanaiatrotaigfv'a vb m on? ssistant as bearing witliinswhicl rsia an inner rotatable bearing race fixed with relation to the valve, an outer non-rotatable bearing race, bearing elements interposed between said races, and means for adjusting the outer race relatively to the inner ra'ce axially of the valve, said means comprising a pair said outer race. d

12. In an internal combustion engine having a cylinder-head and a rotary valve in said head, a bearing within which a portion of said valve is journalled comprising an inner rotatable beara ing race fixed with relation to the valve, an outer non-rotatable bearing race, bearing elements interposedbetween said races, and means for adjusting the outer race relatively to the inner race axially of the valve, said means comprising a pair of rings in threaded engagement with positioned to engage each other and one thereof said outer race. e

13.; In an internal combustion engine having a cylinder head and a rotaryi valve in said head, a bearing within which a portion or said valve is journalled comprising an inner rotatable bearing race fixed withv relation to the valve, an outer non-rotatable. bearing race, bearing elements interposedbetween said races, and; a pair of axially adjustable members, one thereof adjustable to shift said outer race and the other ad- Y 7 justable to shift saidvalve.

said head portion, said bearing cages being threaded to turn one within the other. H

8. In an internal combustion engine, acylinderhaving'a head portion, aplurality of adjustable bearings, said bearings including rotatable and non-rotatable; elements, a rotatable valve supported insaid head portionhaving a stem journalled in said bearings, a plurality of interthreaded bearingcages adapted to permit adjustment 01 said bearing elements to load the bear- 7;

' able to shift said outer race 14. In an internal combustion. engine having 'a cylinder head and a rotary valve in said head,

a bearing within which a portion of said valve is journalled comprising an inner rotatable hearing race fixed 'with relation to the valve, an outer non-rotatable bearing race, bearing elements interposed between said races, and a pair of axially adjustable members, one thereof adjustand the other adjustableto shift said valve, said members being in threaded engagement andbeing' adjustable axially of the valve. I i

'15; In an internal combustion engine having a cylinder head and a rotary valve in said head, a hearing within whicha portion of said valve is 'journalled, a driving gear secured to saidvalve' portion, a bearing'within'which a portion of said gear is journailed, each bearingcomprising inner and outer races and bearing elements interposed therebetween, means for adjusting the outer race of one bearing relatively to the inner race to load said elements, and means for adjusting the outer race of the other bearing to adjust the position of said valve.

16. In an internal combustion engine having a cylinder head and a rotary valve in said head, a plurality of bearings within which a portion of said valve is journalled, each bearing comprising an inner-rotatable bearing raceflxed with relation to the valve, an outer non-rotatable bearing race, bearing elements interposed between said races, and means for adjusting the outer. races relatively to theinner races axiallyoi the valve.

17. In an internal combustion engine having a cylinder head and a rotary valve in said head, a plurality of bearings within which a portion of said valve is journalled, each bearingoomprising an inner-rotatable bearing race fixed with relation to the valve, an outer non-rotatable:

bearing race, bearing elements interposed between said races, and means for adjusting the outer races relatively to the inner races axially of the valve, said means including a pair of axially adjustable members, one thereof adjustable to shift said races to load said elements and the other adjustable to shift said valve.

18. In an internal combustion engine having a cylinder head and a rotary valve in said head, a bearing within which a portion of said valve is journalled, a driving gear secured to said valve portion, a bearing within which a portion of said gear is journalled, each bearing comprising inner and outer races and bearing elements interposed therebetween, and a pair of axially adjustable members, one thereof adjustable to shift the outer race of one bearing relatively to the inner race to load said elements, and the other adjustable to shift the outer race of the other bearing to adjust the position of said valve.

19. In an internal combustion engine having a adjust the position of said valve, said members being in threadedengagement and being adjustable axially of the valve.

, l JOHN TJAARDA. 

